Investigating Passive Haptic Learning of Piano Songs Using Three Tactile Sensations of Vibration, Stroking and Tapping

Passive Haptic Learning (PHL) is a method by which users are able to learn motor skills without paying active attention. In past research, vibration widely applied in PHL as the signal delivered on participant's skin. The human somatosensory system provides not only discriminative input (the perception of pressure, vibration, slip, and texture, etc.) brain but also an affective (sliding, tapping stroking, etc.). former often described being mediated low-threshold mechanosensitive (LTM) units with rapidly conducting large myelinated (Aᵬ) afferents, while latter class LTM afferents called C-tactile (CTs). We investigated whether different tactile sensations (tapping, light vibration) influence learning effect this work. built three wearable systems corresponding respectively. 17 participants were invited play note sequences passively via systems. subjects then tested their remembered after each session. Our results indicate that or stroking effective passive haptic piano songs, providing viable alternatives have been used so far. found average made up 1.06 errors less when using inputs, namely stroking. As first work exploring differences multiple types PHL, we offer our design readers hope they may employ works for further research PHL.